China: How the Tiananmen Square Massacre Grew the Chinese Church

By Leah Marianne Klett
Tiananmen's Square
Tiananmen's Square

Twenty five years ago today, June 4th, 1989, Chinese troops violently reclaimed the square in Beijing which pro-democracy protesters had occupied for weeks. The Tiananmen Square massacre left thousands of people dead and all but snuffed out the democratic movement.

While the country has seen great economic progress since that notorious day in 1989, there has been little political reform, reveals Chinese dissident activist Chen Guangcheng, and the people of China are "still afraid and silent" about the massacre.

Today, the Chinese government refuses to acknowledge the event or commemorate its victims, continuing to spend 70 billion per year in an attempt to stifle future dissent. The government has continued to crack down on religious freedoms as well, imposing penalties on those involved with unregistered house churches.

However, despite the Chinese government's best efforts to stifle religious freedoms, the events at Tiananmen Square helped spread the gospel in an astounding way.

 "The brutal massacre caused many Chinese intellectuals and other elites to lose faith in communism and embrace Christianity," said Loyola University of Maryland professor Carsten Vala. "Following the events, China's church has grown so large that the Communist Party fears its influence."

Rev. Zhang Boli, A human rights activist who was present at Tiananmen in 1989, agrees, saying the Chinese government continues to oppress Christians because the religion is "moving very, very quickly" in the country.

Vala says Chinese Christian leaders look at persecution as a "winnowing effect."

"Those who are not true Christians will leave the churches; the 'Sunday Christians,'" she said.

"The really committed, devout believers will be increasingly strengthened in their faith by this 'winds of persecution' and honestly the church buildings may be torn down, but that doesn't mean the congregations themselves have scattered."

Richard Bush, director and senior fellow at Brookings' Center for East Asian Policy Studies, says the growth of the Chinese church in the midst of adversity is an intensely unique story.

"I am also very interested in this subject because it's a key issue for understanding the dynamics of state and society in China," said Bush.

"Whether one is religious or not, the survival of religious belief and faith in China from 1949 to 1979 is really one of the most inspiring stories that one could ever come across."

Bush said it is appropriate to link Christianity's growth in China and the Tiananmen Square protests "because both were a response to the political and moral vacuum in China in the post-Mao period."

Vala says there are two important ways Christians in the United States can help the growing church in China.

"I think the first thing is to learn more about the diversity of the church. The churches are, some are still flourishing while others are being persecuted," she said.

"Secondly, I think the churches can develop direct connections with church leaders and support them by remedying the shortage of qualified pastors and then they can of course pray for the churches."

By some estimates, there are now more than 100 million Christians in China, and the number continues to grow.

  • ‘Wang Mingdao’s Diary’ reproduction highlights complexities of contemporary Chinese Christianity

    On December 9, the China Graduate School of Theology (中国神学研究院) hosted a public lecture titled “A Courageous Witness in the Times—Launch of Wang Mingdao (王明道)’s Diary.” The lecture, themed “Faith Patterns in Beijing’s Christian Churches Through the Lens of Wang Mingdao’s Diary,” featured Dr. Ni Buxiao (倪步晓), Associate Director and Assistant Professor at the Christian Faith and Chinese Culture Research Center of Alliance Bible Seminary (建道神学院), as the keynote speaker.

  • Floating library ‘Doulos Hope’ arrives in Taiwan; spreading love and hope from a former cruise ship

    Doulos Hope, the international floating book fair ship, has returned to Taiwan and is now docked at Kaohsiung Port, open to the public from December 18, 2024, to January 12, 2025. Originally built in 1991 and renovated in 2022, the ship features over 2,000 books on various topics, including faith, science, and art. It is operated by a diverse crew of 140 volunteers from 25 countries, offering services such as education, healthcare, and community outreach. The ship's mission is to spread hope and

  • Chinese Online School of Theology publishes annual ministry report: Expanding Chinese theological education through new strategies

    In the 2023-2024 academic year, New York-based Chinese Online School of Theology (COST) has seen significant development in expanding its ministry in theological education and mission outreach. They have promoted a series of new events and projects to explore different strategies that expand theological education for Chinese ministers. The following are some highlights from the 2023-2024 annual report:

  • Dr. Fenggang Yang: How foreign forces transformed traditional Chinese legal systems

    In a recent lecture to Chinese Christians, scholar Dr. Fenggang Yang (杨凤岗) gave an in-depth analysis of the historical evolution and contemporary significance of the modern legal system in Chinese society. He explored the tensions and integrations between traditional law and modern rule of law, highlighting the distinctive characteristics of China’s traditional legal system and emphasizing the role of foreign influences in introducing modern legal practices into Chinese society.